The Benefits and Risks of Hot Tub Use

Following the unfortunate passing of actor Matthew Perry, who was found unresponsive in his hot tub, questions have come up about the safety of hot tubs. Although several factors have been recently reported regarding the cause of his death, this incident serves as a reminder to consider the potential risks associated with hot tubs and the steps you can take to use them safely.

Hot tubs are well known for their relaxation and therapeutic effects. The warm water and soothing jets can alleviate muscle soreness, ease stress and foster a sense of well-being. For those dealing with conditions like arthritis or chronic pain, a soak in a hot tub can provide relief from pain and discomfort.

However, hot tubs are not for everyone. Some health conditions can impact the body's ability to regulate temperature, circulate blood, or respond appropriately to warm water. For these people, hot tubs should be approached with caution or avoided altogether.

Health Conditions That Pose Risks in Hot Tubs

• Heart Conditions: The heat can put extra strain on the heart, which may lead to blood pressure drops, dizziness, lightheadedness and in severe cases, fainting or other cardiovascular complications.
• Pregnancy: Elevated body temperatures can be harmful to the developing fetus and increase the risk of birth defects.
• Respiratory Conditions: Hot tubs can emit steam and moisture, which may worsen respiratory conditions like asthma. The fumes from chemicals in the hot tub such as chlorine, along with the steam, can irritate the respiratory system.
• Skin Conditions: An open wound, skin infections, or skin conditions like eczema may put you at risk of further irritation or infection if exposed to hot tub water.
• Neurological Conditions: Conditions like multiple sclerosis or Parkinson's disease can affect the ability to sense temperature changes. Not being able to recognize when your body is too hot can lead to overheating.
• Dehydration: Any health condition that affects fluid balance in the body, such as kidney disease or diabetes, can increase the risk of dehydration when using a hot tub.
  Other Factors to Consider:
• Medications: Some medications can interact with the effects of hot tub use, potentially causing adverse reactions or making you more likely to overheat.
• Age and Developmental Stage: Young children and the elderly may have a harder time regulating their body temperature. This makes them more prone to overheating in a hot tub.

Children under the age of five should avoid using hot tubs. For kids aged five and up, limit hot tub time to 10-15 minutes at a safe temperature (95-100°F). An adult should supervise and offer cool-down breaks. Kids should also avoid full submersion.

Symptoms of overheating in a hot tub can include:

1. Dizziness or Light-headedness
2. Nausea or Upset Stomach
3. Sweating Excessively
4. Feeling Weak or Fatigued
5. Rapid Breathing
6. Headache
7. Flushed Skin
8. Thirst or Dry Mouth
9. Confusion or Disorientation
10. Numbness or Tingling

Steps to Take if You Feel Unwell in a Hot Tub

1. Exit the hot tub slowly and carefully to avoid any accidents or further discomfort.
2. Find a cooler area to sit and relax. This will help your body return to a normal temperature.
3. Drink water to rehydrate your body. This is especially important if you feel dizzy or lightheaded.
4. Take a break and lie down if necessary. Listen to your body and give it the rest it needs.
5. Monitor how you're feeling. If symptoms persist or worsen or you have difficulty breathing, seek emergency medical attention right away. This is especially important if you have a pre-existing health condition.

Five Tips to Ensure a Safer Hot Tub Experience

1. Limit soak time to no more than 15-20 minutes at a time.
2. Do not let the hot tub exceed 104°F (40°C).
3. Avoid dehydration by drinking plenty of water before and after your soak.
4. Take periodic breaks from the hot tub to cool down.
5. Consult a healthcare provider about using hot tubs if you have any underlying health conditions, or if you’re pregnant.

If you ever find yourself not feeling well while using a hot tub or afterward, it's important to take immediate action. Remember, it's always better to be cautious and seek help if you're unsure about how you’re feeling.

Matthew Perry's passing is a reminder to be cautious when using a hot tub. By following safety guidelines and seeking professional advice when needed, everyone can enjoy the positive effects of hot tubs while minimizing potential risks.

Find Care When You Need It

For Bronson patients, accessing care is easy. Call your primary care office directly. Not sure what to do about your health concern? Whether you are an established Bronson patient or not, call Bronson Care Advisors at (269) 341-7788. They are available 24/7 to direct you to the care you need.

Bronson FastCare and Urgent Care are available for non-emergencies as well as an on-demand video visit from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. daily. Explore your options at bronsonhealth.com/needcarenow.

Looking to establish care with a Bronson provider or specialist? Call (269) 341-7788.

Reviewed by: Hannah Winget, DO. Dr. Winget practices family medicine at Bronson Primary Care Partners - 9th Street.